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HOW TO MAKE A GOOD CONFESSION

One of the effects of being sinners is that we are blind to our own sins.  Satan wants us to believe that there is no evil in what we do.  If we fall into this trap, our hearts may become hardened and insensitive to the demands of love.  This is why conversion of heart is so important.  In fact, it is so important that Jesus has made the symbol of His Sacred Heart, the greatest manifestation of His love for us and of the love we are to have.  "Therefore, as the Holy Spirit says:  'If today you hear his voice, harden not your hearts... Take heed brethren, lest perhaps there be if any of you with an evil heart of unbelief...'" (Heb. 3).

 

God is a loving Father who desires that we see our sins, so that He can give us the grace of repentance and forgiveness.  He wants us to be free.  Satan, however, does not want us to see our sins.  When we begin to walk in the will of the Lord, Satan will try to accuse us with our own sins, so that we will become disheartened and return to our old ways.  We must learn to discern the difference:  God reveals our sins to free us and forgive us; the devil hides our sins and reveals them only to lead us to despair.  We should vigorously reject these thoughts.  God ALWAYS forgives when there is repentance in our hearts.

MAKING A GOOD CONFESSION

It is very important that we examine our conscience daily.  With total humility, we should open ourselves to be corrected by those  close to us.  "If we would judge ourselves, we should not be judged" (1 Cor. 11, 31).  This examination should be done in the presence of God, listening to his voice within us.  This will be the best way to prepare for confession.  Following you will find some very helpful practices.

1.  Go to a quiet place, preferably before Jesus in the Blessed Sacrament.  Only God can show us our hearts, how we have responded to His love and give us the grace to change.

2.  Contemplate the life of Jesus and His love manifested upon the Cross.  "They shall look on him whom they pierced" Jn 19:37.

3.  Ask Yourself: How have I responded to so much love, to so many graces?

4.  AttitudeKeep in mind that your examination is not just about numbering sins but about discovering the twisted attitudes of the heart and of being able to feel sorrow for your sins which includes a firm proposal to not commit them again.  Keep in mind that there are always areas in which we are weaker and require special attention.

WHAT DOES THE CHURCH TEACH ABOUT THE SACRAMENT OF CONFESSION?

The Church teaches that in order for there to be a true confession three things are necessary:

1.  That you recognize and truly feel sorry for what you have done that has offended God and/or another person desire to not commit again.
2.  That you verbally confess your sins to a priest in an individual, one to one manner (you must confess any and all mortal sins).
3.  That you receive from the priest and complete an act of penance which manifests your desire to make up what you have done wrong and to no longer to it again.

THE EXAMINATION OF CONSCIENCE

It will be helpful for you to determine the areas in which you need to ask for God's forgiveness by reviewing the Ten Commandments (God's written desire for the way in which we are to love Him and others).  Remember these are not to be treated as suggestions, God gave us Commandments.  To break them is to break our covenant with God and to fall into grave sin.

 

First Commandment:  "I am the Lord your God: you shall not have strange Gods before me."
Second Commandment:  "You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain."

Have I loved God over everything?

  • To whom (or what) have I given more attention?

  • Have I made my family, school, work, apostolate, programs, ideas or other good things my first love?

  • Do I demonstrate by my actions my trust in the love and power of God?

  • Do I allow God to act in my life or do I go about trying to do it all myself?

  • Have I fallen into superstitions or other religious practices outside Christianity?

Daily Prayer

  • Do I have time of personal and family prayer which include reading the Scriptures and praying the Rosary?

  • Do I usually praise God and thank Him for what I have or do I complain most of the time?

  • Do I pray for my family, my friends, the Church,the Holy Father, and for the world?

  • Do I allow the Holy Spirit to enter my heart by being open to His presence?

  • Do I know what it means to wait upon the Lord with a ready heart?  Have I done it?

  • When the Lord teaches me something, do I keep it in my heart and seek to ponder (reflect) upon it?

  • Do I turn to God to discern what I should do in major as well as minor decisions, understanding how important it is to make right choices in all that I do?

  • What criteria do I have to determine if what I am thinking or desiring is from God or from myself?

  • Do I use the gifts the Lord has given me for His glory?  Am I open to receive new gifts as God wills?

  • Have I become used to doing only what is necessary to get by in my relationship with God or do I live my faith in the Spirit, offering myself to Him with all of my heart?

Obedience

  • Do I seek God's Will for my life in prayer?

  • Do I obey the teachings of the Catholic Church or do I interpret them in my own manner?

  • What motivates my life, God's Will or my own "good" plans (my will)?

  • Do I allow God to guide me or do I "offer" Him my own finished plans so He can bless them?

  • Do I listen, obey and respect those who have legitimate authority over me (just laws, teachers, legitimate bosses, etc.)?

Study

  • Do I study my Catholic faith (the Bible, the teachings of the popes and saints) or am I pleased with my own way of understanding God?

  • Am I growing in my formation as I should?  Do I know more about my faith today than I did before?

  • What practical steps do I take to be formed in the faith?

Order and Priorities

  • Where are my priorities; what are the motives behind what I do?  Does my time respond to God's priorities or to pressures from people or from the desire to look good before others?

  • Do I waste time on (magazines, programs, etc.) that do not edify?

  • Do I organize my day with discipline, allowing time for each area of which I am responsible: God, family, work, school?

  • Do I remain long periods doing what I like knowing that it is time to do something else?

  • Do I respect the needs and time of others; for example: when I seek help on the telephone?

  • Do I take care of my health or do I have vices, lack of exercise, rest, nutrition?

  • Do I take too much care of myself?

  • Do I understand that what I do will have a profound effect on my eternal life?

  • Do I reflect upon my death and upon the last judgment?

Third Commandment "Remember to keep holy the Lord's Day"

  • Do I keep the Lord's day (Sunday) for the Lord or do I work unnecessarily on that day?

  • Do I go to mass every Sunday?

  • Do I truly believe in Jesus' Real Presence in the Eucharist?

  • Have I adored and given my whole heart to Christ who awaits for me in the Eucharist?

  • Have I loved and consoled Christ for all those who offend Him with their sins?

  • Do I make an honest effort to go to daily mass?  Do I prepare my heart to receive the Lord in Holy Communion?

The Cross

  • Have I prayed and meditated before the Crucifix?  Do I seek its powerful transformation and wisdom?

  • Do I allow God to manifest the Cross in my life or do I immediately reject it?

  • Do I ask God for the grace to love the cross?

  • Have I deviated from God's Will to avoid the cross and suffering?

  • Do I unite my cross with Christ's: my problems, my sicknesses, responsibilities, relationships, age, vocation?

  • Do I seek satisfaction in all my needs both physical and emotional or do I know how to mortify and deny myself for love of Jesus?

  • Do I unite myself to others who carry a cross of suffering?

  • Do I offer sacrifices for the conversion of others?

Confession

  • When was my last confession?  Was it a thorough confession or did I hide some things?

  • Do I reject sin even if it is culturally acceptable?

  • Do I think or act superficially, believing that the example of the saints is an "exaggeration"?

  • Have I avoided the occasion for sin:  places, programs, friends that are not good for me?

  • Do I allow God to show me my sins (including my past sins)?

  • Do I repair with seriousness and responsibility my sins and faults, or do I justify them?

  • Do I appreciate when others correct my wrongdoings or do I become angry?

  • Is there someone I have to forgive or ask forgiveness to and as yet have not done it?

  • After my confessions, do I make changes for the better? 

My love for the Blessed Virgin Mary, Mother of God

  • What place does Mary have in my heart and life?

  • Have I consecrated (entrusted) my life to her as Jesus did?

  • Do I live my consecration fully?  How?

  • Do I go to her in prayer?  Do I meditate on her life?

  • Do I accept her maternal care allowing myself to be formed by her?  How?

  • Do I try to imitate the virtues of her Immaculate Heart, especially her humility, obedience, silence, service, and openness to God?

  • Do I study the teachings of the Church on Mary?

  • Do I give witness to my love, honor and respect for Mary in my words and actions?

 

Relationships with others

  • Are my relationships in the manner that God wants them to be: loving, pure, chaste, holy, and sincere?

  • Do I have feelings of anger, resentment or hate towards someone?

  • Do I participate or allow arguments, rivalries, ambitions, discord, unedifying secrets, disputes, envy, etc?

  • Am I responsible in my commitments towards my family, friends, and others?  Do I grow spiritually in these commitments?

  • Can other people depend upon me?  Do I keep my promises, commitments, confidentiality?

  • Do I try to be an instrument of unity with others?

  • Am I helpful towards those in need?

  • Am I attentive without being curious?

  • Am I prudent in what I say and in how I act?

  • Am I grateful for the care and service I receive (even in the most little, routine things)?

Fourth Commandment"Honor your father and your mother"

  • Do I obey, care, and honor my parents according to their age and needs?

  • Do I have a negative attitude towards them?

  • Do I spend quality time with my family: eat together, have entertainment together?

  • Do I foster a good, solid relationship with each member of my family?

  • Am I available and willing to help in my home according to the needs?

  • Do I have a sincere sense of hospitality towards those people who enter my home?

  • Do I cherish and protect my friendships?

  • Do I demonstrate the necessary respect that every human person deserves?

If you are married, in addition to what was already mentioned, examine yourself in the following:

  • Do I protect my family from the evil influences in their surroundings?  How?

  • Have I manipulated, with my anger, to get things done my way?

  • Do I permit that others (parents, friends) manipulate me or come between my marriage?

  • Do I honor and respect my spouse at all times?  Do I see him or her as a gift given to me by God to complement my life?

  • Have I shared with my spouse the vision I have of my family or do I expect that all things be done my way?

  • Do I listen to my spouse with interest?

  • Do I express frequently my love, care and respect towards my spouse?

With my children

  • Do I detect problems in my children and confront them with wisdom?  Do I listen to them?

  • What measures do I take to make my house a home?

  • Am I economically responsible and orderly?

  • Do I teach my children how to pray, to grow in virtue, character and maturity, without being afraid of disciplining them?

  • Do I teach them about God, read the Bible with them and pray the Rosary together?

  • Do I give them opportunities to grow in a sense of responsibility?

Fifth Commandment: "You shall not kill."

  • Have I killed or made an attempt against someone's life?  (helped or participated in abortion, suicide, driven without caution, irresponsible acts that have placed lives in danger, aggression, violence, etc.?)

  • Have I acted against someone's dignity

  • Have I caused someone to lose their faith in God, the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Catholic Church?

Sixth Commandment:  "You shall not commit adultery."
Ninth Commandment:  "You shall not desire your neighbor's wife
"

  • Have I sought affection outside of God's plan and order?

  • Do I have relationships according to my likes or relationships that edify?

  • Have I had fantasies or impure acts, with myself or others?

  • Do I allow jokes, programs, seductive attitudes or immodesty in dress in myself or in others?

  • Do I obey God's plan for sexuality in my state of life?

  • Do I study the teachings of the Church on human sexuality?

  • Do I use some form of contraception?  Do I understand that this is against the will of God and a grave sin?

Seventh Commandment "You shall not steal."
Tenth Commandment:  "You shall not desire your neighbor's goods."

  • Have I stolen in any way?

  • Have I neglected property and failed to return what belongs to others?

  • Do I take advantage of my position (in my job or other) for my own personal benefit?

  • Am I greedy with my things?

  • Do I feel sad when others prosper and joy when things go bad with them?

  • Am I a compulsive shopper?

Eight Commandment "You shall not bear false witness against your neighbors"

  • What inspires my words:  God or my ego?

  • Do I want to give my opinion in everything?

  • Do I tell the truth?

  • Do I judge or gossip about others?

  • Do I have the habit of complaining about most things, seeking pity or relief?

  • Have I spoken what is not edifying: inappropriate jokes, against a race, nationality, etc?

An essential part of the Sacrament of Confession is an  Act of Contrition

Oh my God, I am heartily sorry for having offended you and I detest all my sins because of your just punishment, but most of all because they offend you, my God who are all good and deserving of all my love.  I firmly resolve with the help of your grace, to confess my sins, to do penance and to avoid the occasions of sin.

May your confession be the true source of grace which God has intended it to be for you.  For this to be possible, it is necessary for you to be open to this grace and for you to amend your life.

For More Information on this examination of conscience, please contact:

Servants of the Pierced Hearts of Jesus and Mary
PO Box 347423
Miami, FL 33234
Ph: (305) 444-7437  Fax:  (305) 447-0341
www.corazones.org 
Email:  siervas@corazones.org 

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Confession

 

Are all of our sins—past, present, and future—forgiven once and for all when we become Christians? Not according to the Bible or the early Church Fathers. Scripture nowhere states that our future sins are forgiven; instead, it teaches us to pray, "And forgive us our debts, as we also have forgiven our debtors" (Matt. 6:12).

The means by which God forgives sins after baptism is confession: "If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just, and will forgive our sins and cleanse us from all unrighteousness" (1 John 1:9). Minor or venial sins can be confessed directly to God, but for grave or mortal sins, which crush the spiritual life out of the soul, God has instituted a different means for obtaining forgiveness—the sacrament known popularly as confession, penance, or reconciliation.

This sacrament is rooted in the mission God gave to Christ in his capacity as the Son of man on earth to go and forgive sins (cf. Matt. 9:6). Thus, the crowds who witnessed this new power "glorified God, who had given such authority to men" (Matt. 9:8; note the plural "men"). After his resurrection, Jesus passed on his mission to forgive sins to his ministers, telling them, "As the Father has sent me, even so I send you. . . . Receive the Holy Spirit. If you forgive the sins of any, they are forgiven; if you retain the sins of any, they are retained" (John 20:21–23).

Since it is not possible to confess all of our many daily faults, we know that sacramental reconciliation is required only for grave or mortal sins—but it is required, or Christ would not have commanded it.

Over time, the forms in which the sacrament has been administered have changed. In the early Church, publicly known sins (such as apostasy) were often confessed openly in church, though private confession to a priest was always an option for privately committed sins. Still, confession was not just something done in silence to God alone, but something done "in church," as the Didache (A.D. 70) indicates.

Penances also tended to be performed before rather than after absolution, and they were much more strict than those of today (ten years’ penance for abortion, for example, was common in the early Church).

But the basics of the sacrament have always been there, as the following quotations reveal. Of special significance is their recognition that confession and absolution must be received by a sinner before receiving Holy Communion, for "whoever . . . eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty of profaning the body and blood of the Lord" (1 Cor. 11:27).

The Didache

"Confess your sins in church, and do not go up to your prayer with an evil conscience. This is the way of life. . . . On the Lord’s Day gather together, break bread, and give thanks, after confessing your transgressions so that your sacrifice may be pure" (Didache 4:14, 14:1 [A.D. 70]).

The Letter of Barnabas

"You shall judge righteously. You shall not make a schism, but you shall pacify those that contend by bringing them together. You shall confess your sins. You shall not go to prayer with an evil conscience. This is the way of light" (Letter of Barnabas 19 [A.D. 74]).

 Ignatius of Antioch

"For as many as are of God and of Jesus Christ are also with the bishop. And as many as shall, in the exercise of penance, return into the unity of the Church, these, too, shall belong to God, that they may live according to Jesus Christ" (Letter to the Philadelphians 3 [A.D. 110]).

"For where there is division and wrath, God does not dwell. To all them that repent, the Lord grants forgiveness, if they turn in penitence to the unity of God, and to communion with the bishop" (ibid., 8).

 Irenaeus

"[The Gnostic disciples of Marcus] have deluded many women. . . . Their consciences have been branded as with a hot iron. Some of these women make a public confession, but others are ashamed to do this, and in silence, as if withdrawing from themselves the hope of the life of God, they either apostatize entirely or hesitate between the two courses" (Against Heresies 1:22 [A.D. 189]).
 

Tertullian

"[Regarding confession, some] flee from this work as being an exposure of themselves, or they put it off from day to day. I presume they are more mindful of modesty than of salvation, like those who contract a disease in the more shameful parts of the body and shun making themselves known to the physicians; and thus they perish along with their own bashfulness" (Repentance 10:1 [A.D. 203]).

Hippolytus

"[The bishop conducting the ordination of the new bishop shall pray:] God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ. . . . Pour forth now that power which comes from you, from your royal Spirit, which you gave to your beloved Son, Jesus Christ, and which he bestowed upon his holy apostles . . . and grant this your servant, whom you have chosen for the episcopate, [the power] to feed your holy flock and to serve without blame as your high priest, ministering night and day to propitiate unceasingly before your face and to offer to you the gifts of your holy Church, and by the Spirit of the high priesthood to have the authority to forgive sins, in accord with your command" (Apostolic Tradition 3 [A.D. 215]).

Origen

"[A final method of forgiveness], albeit hard and laborious [is] the remission of sins through penance, when the sinner . . . does not shrink from declaring his sin to a priest of the Lord and from seeking medicine, after the manner of him who say, ‘I said, "To the Lord I will accuse myself of my iniquity"’" (Homilies on Leviticus 2:4 [A.D. 248]).

Cyprian of Carthage

"The apostle [Paul] likewise bears witness and says: ‘ . . . Whoever eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord unworthily will be guilty of the body and blood of the Lord’ [1 Cor. 11:27]. But [the impenitent] spurn and despise all these warnings; before their sins are expiated, before they have made a confession of their crime, before their conscience has been purged in the ceremony and at the hand of the priest . . . they do violence to [the Lord’s] body and blood, and with their hands and mouth they sin against the Lord more than when they denied him" (The Lapsed 15:1–3 (A.D. 251]).

"Of how much greater faith and salutary fear are they who . . . confess their sins to the priests of God in a straightforward manner and in sorrow, making an open declaration of conscience. . . . I beseech you, brethren, let everyone who has sinned confess his sin while he is still in this world, while his confession is still admissible, while the satisfaction and remission made through the priests are still pleasing before the Lord" (ibid., 28).

"[S]inners may do penance for a set time, and according to the rules of discipline come to public confession, and by imposition of the hand of the bishop and clergy receive the right of Communion. [But now some] with their time [of penance] still unfulfilled . . . they are admitted to Communion, and their name is presented; and while the penitence is not yet performed, confession is not yet made, the hands of the bishop and clergy are not yet laid upon them, the Eucharist is given to them; although it is written, ‘Whosoever shall eat the bread and drink the cup of the Lord unworthily, shall be guilty of the body and blood of the Lord’ [1 Cor. 11:27]" (Letters 9:2 [A.D. 253]).

"And do not think, dearest brother, that either the courage of the brethren will be lessened, or that martyrdoms will fail for this cause, that penance is relaxed to the lapsed, and that the hope of peace [i.e., absolution] is offered to the penitent. . . . For to adulterers even a time of repentance is granted by us, and peace is given" (ibid., 51[55]:20).

"But I wonder that some are so obstinate as to think that repentance is not to be granted to the lapsed, or to suppose that pardon is to be denied to the penitent, when it is written, ‘Remember whence thou art fallen, and repent, and do the first works’ [Rev. 2:5], which certainly is said to him who evidently has fallen, and whom the Lord exhorts to rise up again by his deeds [of penance], because it is written, ‘Alms deliver from death’ [Tob. 12:9]" (ibid., 51[55]:22).

Aphraahat the Persian Sage

"You [priests], then, who are disciples of our illustrious physician [Christ], you ought not deny a curative to those in need of healing. And if anyone uncovers his wound before you, give him the remedy of repentance. And he that is ashamed to make known his weakness, encourage him so that he will not hide it from you. And when he has revealed it to you, do not make it public, lest because of it the innocent might be reckoned as guilty by our enemies and by those who hate us" (Treatises 7:3 [A.D. 340]).

Basil the Great

"It is necessary to confess our sins to those to whom the dispensation of God’s mysteries is entrusted. Those doing penance of old are found to have done it before the saints. It is written in the Gospel that they confessed their sins to John the Baptist [Matt. 3:6], but in Acts [19:18] they confessed to the apostles" (Rules Briefly Treated 288 [A.D. 374]).

John Chrysostom

"Priests have received a power which God has given neither to angels nor to archangels. It was said to them: ‘Whatsoever you shall bind on earth shall be bound in heaven; and whatsoever you shall loose, shall be loosed.’ Temporal rulers have indeed the power of binding; but they can only bind the body. Priests, in contrast, can bind with a bond which pertains to the soul itself and transcends the very heavens. Did [God] not give them all the powers of heaven? ‘Whose sins you shall forgive,’ he says, ‘they are forgiven them; whose sins you shall retain, they are retained.’ What greater power is there than this? The Father has given all judgment to the Son. And now I see the Son placing all this power in the hands of men [Matt. 10:40; John 20:21–23]. They are raised to this dignity as if they were already gathered up to heaven" (The Priesthood 3:5 [A.D. 387]).

Ambrose of Milan

"For those to whom [the right of binding and loosing] has been given, it is plain that either both are allowed, or it is clear that neither is allowed. Both are allowed to the Church, neither is allowed to heresy. For this right has been granted to priests only" (Penance 1:1 [A.D. 388]).

Jerome

"If the serpent, the devil, bites someone secretly, he infects that person with the venom of sin. And if the one who has been bitten keeps silence and does not do penance, and does not want to confess his wound . . . then his brother and his master, who have the word [of absolution] that will cure him, cannot very well assist him" (Commentary on Ecclesiastes 10:11 [A.D. 388]).

Augustine

"When you shall have been baptized, keep to a good life in the commandments of God so that you may preserve your baptism to the very end. I do not tell you that you will live here without sin, but they are venial sins which this life is never without. Baptism was instituted for all sins. For light sins, without which we cannot live, prayer was instituted. . . . But do not commit those sins on account of which you would have to be separated from the body of Christ. Perish the thought! For those whom you see doing penance have committed crimes, either adultery or some other enormities. That is why they are doing penance. If their sins were light, daily prayer would suffice to blot them out. . . . In the Church, therefore, there are three ways in which sins are forgiven: in baptisms, in prayer, and in the greater humility of penance" (Sermon to Catechumens on the Creed 7:15, 8:16 [A.D. 395]).
 

NIHIL OBSTAT: I have concluded that the materials
presented in this work are free of doctrinal or moral errors.
Bernadeane Carr, STL, Censor Librorum, August 10, 2004

IMPRIMATUR: In accord with 1983 CIC 827
permission to publish this work is hereby granted.
+Robert H. Brom, Bishop of San Diego, August 10, 2004

Catholic Answers, “Confession” (San Diego: Catholic Answers, 2004)

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